New Zealand
From AASL
| Name of the country/area | New Zealand |
|---|---|
| Formal name of the country/area | New Zealand |
| Country/area information | The World Factbook (CIA) |
| Wikipedia (English) |
Indigenous signs for "New Zealand"
Illustrations in the literature
"New Zealand" (In: Japanese Federation of the Deaf ed. Supervisor: Hedberg, Tomas. 2003. Country name-signs. Helsinki, Finland: World Federation of the Deaf. 17.)
Spoken languages
English
Maori
Sign languages
Related sign languages:
Australasian Sign Language (an attempt to merge Australian Sign Language and New Zealand Sign Language into one common sign language)
Population of Deaf/deaf people
Deaf Association of New Zealand ’s official or approximate number of Deaf people: 9,000. (WFD. 2008. Global Survey Report. : See Bibliography below.)
Legal status of sign languages
- Status of the National Sign Language(s) from WFD. 2008. Global Survey Report. (See Bibliography below).
1. The government recognises the country's sign language(s) in : the Legislation.
2. The year when the country’s government formally recognises the country’s sign language(s): New Zealand Sign Language Act was passed in 2006.
3. Deaf Association/Deaf Group lobbies the government for the recognition of the country’s sign language(s).
- New Zealand Sign Language became the third official language of New Zealand in April 2006.
New Zealand Sign Language Bill
- Sign language for deaf people has no officially recognized status, but is recognized as the main means of communication between deaf persons and others.(Government Implementation of the Standard Rules As Seen By Member Organizations of World Federation of the Deaf – WFD : Deaf Association of New Zealand, New Zealand , 1997.)
Organizations and associations of the Deaf/deaf
Deaf Aotearoa New Zealand (DANZ) (WFD member; established in 1977. (WFD. 2008. Global Survey Report. : See Bibliography below.))
Originally called the Deaf Association of New Zealand Incorporated, it was formed in November 1977. The Deaf Association of New Zealand Incorporated became Deaf Aotearoa New Zealand in June 2009.
Institutes, associations and universities for sign language studies
Education for the deaf
- Access to Education from WFD. 2008. Global Survey Report. (See Bibliography below).
1.The government recognizes that Deaf children and Deaf students have the right to receive an education.
2.Legislation or policies on Deaf Education:
- Special Education Policy
3.The government provides those educational settings for Deaf children and Deaf students:
- Early intervention (Up to 5 years old)
- Kindergarten (Between 3/4 years old to 5/6 years old)
- Primary (From 5/6 years old to 12/13 years old)
- Secondary (From 12/13 years old to 17/18 years old)
- University (After 18 years old)
- Vocational Education/Training
4.The government provides bilingual education using the country’s sign language(s) for Deaf children and Deaf students in those educational settings:
- Early intervention (Up to 5 years old)
- Kindergarten (Between 3/4 years old to 5/6 years old)
- Primary (From 5/6 years old to 12/13 years old)
- Secondary (From 12/13 years old to 17/18 years old)
- Vocational Education/Training
5.Total number of schools specifically for Deaf children and Deaf students in the country, and the educational approach for communicating with Deaf children and students at the Deaf School:
- Two Deaf Education Centres include a school for the Deaf within their range of services – one in Auckland and one in Christchurch.
In addition, there are Deaf Units available in Wellington and Palmerston North.
- Bilingual Education
- Oral Method
- Oral and Sign Language (Total Communication)
- Auditory Verbal
- Other: Options are made available. In reality, total communication and bilingual education predominate.
6.Deaf people’s access to a University education and sign language interpreting services at University:
- All universities are required to provide access for Deaf people wishing to study.
- Sign language interpreting services are available.
Sign language interpretation
- There is an association of sign language interpreters in this country. from WASLI Activities Report 2007-2011 (See Bibliography below).
- Status of Sign Language Interpreting Services from WFD. 2008. Global Survey Report. (See Bibliography below).
1.The number of sign language interpreters in the country:
- Approx 50 Interpreters but not all are actively interpreting at present
2.Sign language interpreting qualifications in the country:
- There is.
3.The provider of the training for people who want to become qualified sign language interpreters:
- University
4.Total years of training to become a sign languate interpreters:
- 2 years: Currently the course is offered at Diploma level. It is expected that the course will be offered at Bachelor Level in 2009.
5.The number of sign language interpreters who have formal interpreting qualifications in the country:
- 50 Interpreters
6.The way Deaf people access sign language interpreters:
- Varies – private contact with freelance interpreters, through the Deaf Association Interpreter Booking service, through independent booking services, or employed by particular services/organisations.
7.The provider of the sign language interpreting services:
- National Association of the Deaf
8.The area of life sign language interpreting services are available:
- Social Services
- Health/Medical Services
- Employment Services
- Court Services
- Educational Services
- Counselling Services
- Funerals/Weddings
- Others: The amount of funding available for interpreters is inadequate.
9.The payment for interpreting services, and those who are responsible for paying:
- Sign language interpreters receive payment for interpreting services : Others: Depends on the nature of the interpreting situation.
10.The average hourly rate of payment for sign language interpreters:
- NZD50.00 per hour (26.35€ on 31st January 2008)
11.Sign language interpreters do not provide voluntary service for all sign language interpreting assignments.
12.National Association of Sign Language Interpreters:
- Independent from the National Association of the Deaf.
13.National Code of Ethics for sign language interpreters:
- There is.
14.Legislation or policy in the country which states that the government has a responsibility for the provision of sign language :
- For Justice-New Zealand Sign Language Act 2006
- Health
- Education
- Employment
- Mental Health Act (19??)
Deaf communities and cultures
Religious activities by the Deaf
Famous Deaf persons and hearing persons concerned with sign languages
Sign language dictionaries
Kennedy, Gtaeme, David McKee, RacheL. McKee, Richard Arnold, Pat Dugdale, Susan Fahey, and David. Moskovitz eds. 2002. A Concise Dictionary of New Zealand Sign Language. Wellington: Bridget Williams Books.
Kennedy, Graeme et al. A dictionary of New Zealand sign. 1998. Auckland: Auckland University Press: Bridget Williams Books.
Bibliography
McKee, Rachel and David McKee. 2016. Assessing The Vitality Of New Zealand Sign Language. Oral presentation at Theoretical Issues in Sign Language Research Conference (TISLR 12).
Vale, Mireille. 2016. Characteristics Of Folk Definitions In NZSL: Implications For Sign Language Lexicography. Oral presentation at Theoretical Issues in Sign Language Research Conference (TISLR 12).
McKee, David. 2013. Lexical variation and change in NZSL. Presentation at the International Conference on Sign Linguistics and Deaf Education in Asia, 2013, 30 January – 2 February 2013. The Chinese University of Hong Kong.
WASLI (World Association of Sign Language Interpreters). 2011. WASLI country report 2011 New Zealand. Kampala, UGANDA.
WASLI (World Association of Sign Language Interpreters). 2011. WASLI Activities Report 2007-2011. Kampala, UGANDA.
McKee, David and Rachel McKee. 2010. Sign time-capsules: lexical variation and change in NZSL. Presentation at the Theoretical Issues in Sign Language Research Conference (TISLR 10).
Schembri, Adam, Kearsy Cormier, Trevor Johnston, David McKee, Rachel McKee and Bencie woll. 2010. Sociolinguistic variation in British, Australian and New Zealand Sign Languages. In : Brentari, Diane ed. Sign Languages. Cambridge, UK. Cambridge University Press. 476-498.
Mayer, Connie, Christine Miller and Ian Cockes. 2009. Educating Deaf and hard of hearing students in New Zealand. In: Moores, Donald F. and Margery S. Miller eds. Deaf people around the world: Educational and social perspectives. Washington,DC: Gallaudet University Press. 53-67.
Schembri, Adam, David McKee, Rachel McKee, Sara Pivac, Trevor Johnston and Della Goswell. 2009. Phonological variation and change in Australian and New Zealand Sign Languages: The location variable. In : Language Variation and Change, Volume 21, Issue 02, July 2009, pp 193-231.
Mckee, David, Racheｌ Mckee, K. Smiler and K. Pointon. 2008. Maori signs : The construction of indigenous deaf identity in New Zealand Sign Language. In : D. Quinto-Pozos ed. Sign Languages in Contact. Washington, DC : Gallaudet University Press. 31-81.
Mckee, David., Rachel Mckee, and G. Major. 2008. Variation in the NZSL number system. In : Ronice Müller de Quadros eds. Sign Languages : Spinning and unraveling the past, present and future. Forty five papers and three posters from the 9° Theoretical Issues In Sign Language Research Conference, Florianopolis, Brazil, December 2006. Editora Arara Azul. Brazil. 296-313.
World Federation of the Deaf and Swedish National Association of the Deaf. 2008. Global Survey Report. WFD Regional Secretariat for Asia and the Pacific (WFD RSA/P). Global Education Pre-Planning Project on the Human Rights of Deaf People. World Federation of the Deaf. Finland.
Mckee, Rachel. 2007. Hand to mouth : findings on the role of mouthing in New Zealand Sign Language. Paper presented at the Australian sign Language interpreters Association National conference, Macquarie University, Sydney.
McKee, Rachel. and David McKee. 2007. New Zealand Sign Language Grammar: A Guide for Learners. Occasional Publication No. 3, Revised version. Deaf Studies Research Unit, School of Linguistics and Applied Language Studies, Victoria University of Wellington.
Mckee, Rachel Locker, David Mckee, Kirsten Smiler and Karen Pointon. 2007. Maori Signs: The Construction of Indigenous Deaf Identity in New Zealand Sign Language. In : Quinto-Pozos, David ed. Sign Language in Contact. 31-81. Washington, DC. Gallaudet University Press.
National audiology Centre. 2007. New Zealand deafness notification detabese, January-December 2005. Aukland.
Smiler, Kirsten , and Rachel Locker McKee. 2007. Perceptions of Maori identity in New Zealand. In: Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education. 12(1) : 93-111.
WASLI (World Association of Sign Language Interpreters). 2007. New Zealand/Aotearoa. In: Country report 2007. 40-41. Kampala, Uganda.
McKee, Rachel. 2006. Aspects of interrogatives and negation in New Zealand Sign Language. In Ulrike Zeshan ed. Interrogative and Negative Constructions in Sign Languages. Sign Language Typology Series, No.1. Nijmegen: Ishara Press, 69 -90.
McKee, David, Rachel McKee and George Major. 2006. Sociolinguistic Variation in NZSL Numerals. Presentation at the Theoretical Issues in Sign Language Research 9 (TISLR9)
Napier, Jemina, Rachel Mackee and Della Goswell. 2006. Sign language interpreting: Theory and practice in Australia and New Zealand. Sydney Federation press.
Pivac, Lynette. 2006. In memory of two remarkable women In : New Zealand Sign Language Tutors Association web page.
2006. New Zealand Sign Language Bill : In Committee
2006. Governor-General gives assent to Sign Language Bill., Press Release: Governor General, 10 April 2006.
2006. Recognition for sign language In : TVNZ web site.
Deaf Education Aotearoa New Zealand(DEANZ). 2005. The national plan for the education of children and young people who are Deaf or hearing impaired in Aotearoal New Zealand(2nd rev.ed.) [Retrieved July 9, 2008]
McKee, Rachel and Graeme Kennedy. 2005. New Zealand Sign Language. In Bell, Allan, Ray Harlow and Donna Starks eds. Languages of New Zealand. Wellington: Victoria University Press, 271-297.
McKee, Rachel. 2005. Aspects of interrogatives and negation in New Zealand Sign Language. In : Zeshan, Ulrike. ed. Interrogative and Negative Constructions in Sign Languages. Sign Language Typology Series No. 1. Nijmegen: Ishara Press. 70-.
Smiler, Kirsten. 2004. Maori Deaf: Perceptions of cultural and linguistic identity of Maori members of the New Zealand Deaf community. Master's thesis in Applied Linguistics. New Zealand Victoria University of Wellington.
Forman, Wayne. 2003. The ABC’s of New Zealand Sign Language : Aerial spelling. In : Journal of Deaf studies and Deaf Education. 8(1). 92-96.
Monaghan, Leila. 2003. A world's eye view: Deaf cultures in global perspective. In: Monaghan, Leila, Constanze Schmaling, Karen Nakamura and Graham H. Turner eds. Many ways to be Deaf: International variation in Deaf communities. Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet University Press. 1-24. [Including information of Africa (general),Asia (general), and Oceania (general) ]
Parsons, M. 2003. Advisors on deaf children: A New Zealand initiative-An overview 1957-2003. Wellington, NZ : Ministry of Education.
Smith, Eileen. 2003. ‘Deaf Ways’: The literacy teaching strategies of deaf teachers in New Zealand. Master’s thesis, Victoria University of Wellington.
Sutton-Spence, Rachel. 2003. British manual Alphabets in the education of Deaf people since the 17th century. In: Monaghan, Leila, Constanze Schmaling, Karen Nakamura and Graham H. Turner eds. Many ways to be Deaf: International variation in Deaf communities. Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet University Press. 25-48.
Japan Institute for Sign Language Studies ed.(translated by Japanese Federation of the Deaf) 2003. The human rights of the Deaf: Able to use sign language at anytime and everywhere. In:Sign Language Communication Studies (Japan Institute for Sign Language Studies, Japanese Federation of the Deaf) 50.(2003.12):57,60-61.[WFD News. Jul.2003. Including information of Uganda, Thailand and New Zealand ]
McKee, Rachel and McKee, David. 2002. New Zealand Sign Language grammar: A guide for learners. Deaf Studies Resarch Unit, Occational Paper 3. New Zealand. Victoria University of Wellington.
McKee, Rachel. 2001. People of the Eye: Stories from the Deaf World. Beidget Williams Books. New Zealand.
Dugdale, Patricia 2001. Talking Hands, Listening Eyes. Deaf Association of New Zealand.
Dugdale, Patricia. 2000. Being Deaf in New Zealand : A case study of the Wellington Deaf community. PhD dissertation : Victoria University of Wellington.
Johnston, Trevor. 2000. BSL, Auslan and NZSL: Three Signed Languages or One? In : Baker, Anne, Beppie van den Bogaerde and Onno Crasborn eds. Cross-linguistic perspectives in sign language research. Selected papers from TISLR 2000. 2003. Hamburg: Signum Verlag. 47-69.
McKee, David and Graeme Kennedy. 2000. Lexical comparison of signs from American , Australian, British, and New Zealand Sign Languages. In : Emmorey Karen and Harlan Lane eds. Sign Language Revisited: An Anthology to Honor Ursula Bellugi and Edward Klima. New Jersey, London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. 49-76.
Mckee, Rachel Locker and David Mckee. 2000. Name Signs and Identity in New Zealand Sign Language. In : Metzger, Melanie ed. Bilingualism and Identity in Deaf Communities. Gallaudet University, Washington, DC. 3-42.
2000. New Zealand. : In : Turkington, Carol, and Allen E. Sussman eds. The encyclopedia of deafness and hearing disorders, second edition. New York : Facts on File. 150-151.
Monaghan, Leila(Pitzer College). 1998. The rise of Deaf ideologies and institutions in New Zealand. In: Sign Language Communication Studies (Japan Institute for Sign Language Studies, Japanese Federation of the Deaf) 27(1998.03) :52-53. (translated by Nakamura, Karen: in Japanese) [the report from the invited panel on sign language sociolinguistics at the 96th Annual Meeting of the America Anthropological Association. Washington DC. Nov.11-19 1997]
Monaghan, Leila. 1998. Creating standardized communication in the New Zealand Deaf community. Presentation at Sixth International Conference on Theoretical Issues in Sign Language Research
Monaghan, Leila. 1996. Signing, oralism and the development of the New Zealand deaf community: An ethnography and history of language ideologies. Ph.D.dissertation. Los Angeles: University of California.
Nuthall, Beatrice. 1996. Kelston Deaf education centre: Pilot bilingual programme, January 1995-December 1996. Aukland, NZ : Kelston Deaf education centre.
Collins-Ahlgren, Marianne. 1994. Issues in preparing and presenting a dictionary of New Zealand signs. In: Erting, Carol J., Robert C. Johnson, Dorothy L. Smith, and Bruce D. Snider eds. The Deaf Way: Perspectives from the international conference on Deaf culture. Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet University Press. 335-341.
Townshend, S. 1993. The hands just have to move: Deaf education in New Zealand-A perspective from the Deaf community. Palmerston North, NZ : Department of Social Policy and Social Work, Massey University. Unpublished master's thesis.
Monaghan, Leila. 1993. Contexts of luck: Issues involved with entering the New Zealand Deaf community. Anthropology UCLA. 20:43-62.
Aspden, Peter, John Devere, John Hunt, Leila Monaghan and Lynette Pivac. 1992. Celebrating 50 years deaf schools in Auckland, 1942-1992. Auckland, New Zealand: Kelston Deaf Education Centre.
Jaffe, R. 1992. Towards the creation of a consumer-based organisation: A review of the New Zealand Association of the Deaf. Deaf Association of New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand.
Van Asch, C. 1989. Gerrit van Asch: Pioneer of oral education of the Deaf. Christchurch, NZ : Caxton Press.
Collins-Ahlgren, Marianne. 1989. Aspects of New Zealand sign. Ph.D. dissertation. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington.
Parsons, Michael B. 1987. New Zealand. In : Van Cleve, John V. (editor in chief), Gallaudet College eds. Gallaudet encyclopedia of deaf people and deafness. New York : McGraw-Hill. vol.2. 239-240.
Stewart, P. 1982. To turn the key: The history of Deaf education in New Zealand. New Zealand : University of Otago. Unpublished master's thesis.
A., Allen B. 1980. They hear with the eye: A Centennial history of the summer school for Deaf children. Christchurch, NZ 1880-1980. Wellington, New Zealand: School publication branch, Department of Education.
ASLDP. 1979. Aid to communication with the Deaf. Auckland, NZ : Kelston school for the Deaf.
Ballingall, Peter. 1971. The sign language of Deaf children in New Zealand. University of Auckland, New Zealand. Unpublished manuscript.
Researchers
History of sign language research
Events
Links
New Zealand Sign Language Dictionary
New Zealand Sign Language (NZSL) Signs
Deaf cultures and Sign Languages of the world: New Zealand
New Zealand Sign Language Teacher's Association
SLIANZ (Sign Language Interpreters Association of New Zealand)
Notes
| Oceania (general) | Oceania (general) |
|---|---|
| Continent | Australia |
| Polynesia | Kiribati | New Zealand | Samoa | Tonga | Tuvalu |
| Micronesia | Federated States of Micronesia | Marshall Islands | Nauru | Palau |
| Melanesia | Fiji | Papua New Guinea | Solomon Islands | Vanuatu |
| Areas and others |
